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Bajiquan is fully named "Wushi Kaimen Bajiquan", which is originated from Cangzhou Wushi. Yanwang Zhu Di held the war of "Jingnan" around Cangzhou in 1st year of Jianwen of Ming Dynasty in order to get the position of Emperor. After he became Emperor, he command to recover the spoiled land around Cangzhou. In 1st year of Yongle of Ming Dynasty (1403), the ancestor of Hui nationality ¨C Zuo Yong Gong was nominated directly by the Emperor to be the officer of Salt Transferring Department of Cangzhou, Hejian Fu, Zhili (Hebei Province), moved to Cangzhou from Anhui Huizhou and lived in the south of Cangzhou. Since then, the Hui Natioanlity of Wu has developed greatly in Cangzhou. They purchased lands of nowadays Mengcun Town and Heludian of Mengcun Country, Xiaolu Cun of Haixing Country, Bao Guantun of Nanpi Country, Wu Zhuangzi of Huanghua City, Houzhuangke of Qingyun Country, Shandong Province (belonged to Cangzhou at that time) and developed in the places.
The 4th generation ancestor Cai Gong (Zuoyong Gong was 1st generation ancestor) had four sons: An, Tai, Wangping, Lian. Santong, Sanhuai, Sanshan ¨C sons of Tai (6th generation) moved to Mengcun, Shimeng ¨C grandson of Lian (7th generation) moved to Houzhuangke. So the Wu persons of Mengcun and Houzhuangke are the later generations of 4th generation of Cai Gong. There was a great grandson(10th generation) of the later generation of Houzhuangke who named Zhong (also named Hongsheng) and born in 51st year of Kangxi 91712). His father died when he was young, they were very poor, and had nothing to eat and wear, so his mother took him to the persons of the same family in Mengcun when he was a baby. Later, he grew up there under the help of his elder niece of the family Yunming Gong (11th generation) and other persons. Wu Zhong was very smart and diligent when he was young and was crazy about Wushu. He chanted lection and studied culture in Qingzhensi at eight, and began to practice Wushu giving up culture. He was taught by a few masters and created another art. The sets, acts and their changes were all from the Chinese word "Wu". So it is regarded as the major mark that Bajiquan was named after Wushi. Wu Zhong traveled alone south to Shaolinsi in Jinjiang, Fujian Province (It was recorded as "Zhejiang Shaolinsi". By the examination of the writer, there is no Shaolinsi in Zhejiang but Jinjiang Shaolinsi, the first words of the two names are alike, so they made the mistake.). He won in the competition with the monks by in and out of Shaolinsi for three times with a lance, and without being touched by any hidden weapons. He was admired by the Presbyter and the officers there, and was called "Supernal Lance". The Presbyter sent him a bag of darts. Since then, ¡®Supernal Lance" Wu Zhong had been famed and was called "Three worthies in Wushu" together with Kang Dali (famous for Duandaqinna) and Li Zhang (famous for Tiliudandao), and became good friends with them. The news of Wu Zhong winning Shaolinsi was resounded through capital. Yinti, the 14th son of Kangxi Emperor summoned him to compete. They covered white powder on one ends of Shu, the one who got the powder would be the loser. Wu Zhong won two times. So Yinti took him as master. It was said that "Wu Zhong is No. 1 from Nanjing to Yanjing(Beijing)". The persons in Wushu circle were curious about the new unknown school with the characteristics of Hui Nationality for Bajiquan had no name then. So in the history it was called "Special Art". Wu Zhong came back to Mengcun in 40th year of Qianlong(1775) when he was over sixties. He served his mother and taught art in Wu family which was called "Wujiaquan" at that time. There were many persons studying Wushu, but only three became heirs, they were Wu Rong-his daughter, Wu ZHongyu- his grandson of same family and Wu Ying- his great grandson of same family. In 1790(55th year of Qianlong), Wu Ying was commanded to compose the first systematic book on Bajiquan ¨C Wushu. He named the "Special Art" (Wujiaquan) officially as "Bajiquan", fully named as "Wushi Kaimen Bajiquan". It ended the history of Bajiquan as a special art for it had no name of its own, which symbolizing the completion of the establishment of Bajiquan School. In the preface of Wushu, it was stated clearly that "We created Bajiquan to avoid the £¢special art£¢ not being buried in oblivion£®It convinced that there were no the name of Bajiquan School in Chinese Wushu history before this, it also confirms the division of the established time and the founder, and the reason that the calling of the quanshu came into being. In "Wushu", Wu Zhong Gong did not call himself 1st generation but to address "Lai" as 1 generation respectfully, and called "Pi" as "Shi Xiong". There is nothing can be found in history record about "Lai" and "Pi". |
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